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2009-02-17
Faux Finishes -- Painting a Room with Flair - [书画]
Warmly welcome to visit http://www.art-ych.com
To start things off, what exactly is a faux finish? Well Faux finishes are the techniques used by decorative painting painters to recreate the look and feel of many types of natural materials. These finishes can be seen throughout history, starting with the Egyptians acrylic painting who replicated the wood graining on their walls. Throughout time huge advancements have been made to this process. Now the most common forms of these finishes used today replicate the effects of aged plaster, stained paint, wood, limestone, and marble. In the last decade this “decorative” painting has probably been used in almost every house you see.
You should be using faux finishes when your budget prevents the use of the real materials like wood and stone, or if the atmosphere you wish to create can only be accomplished decorative painting by using a faux finish. But using faux finishing is not for everyone, it can be both fun and frustrating. Remember to always experiment with the final outcome before committing to the finish acrylic painting. The skills required for creating many finishes can only come with repetition and practice.
To get you started, here are some simple basic tips for starting your faux decorative painting finish. Always prepare the surface properly before decorating.
Work in small sections, and complete one wall or section, stopping in a corner or natural break. Always use lint-free rags. When choosing your color the easiest way to do so is by using the take home strips at your local paint store and choosing something that will compliment your furniture, carpet, or wallpaper. If you are still a little skeptical about starting your faux decorative painting finish there are stores and companies that offer a Faux-finishing course so you can get your practice in before you start on the real thing.
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2008-12-02
京沪深楼市成交回暖 保障房可能左右未来走向
楼市成交回暖:第一次像样的反弹
本报记者 敖虹 徐广蓉 田新杰
年关将近,持续阴跌的楼市在11月份显出一丝亮色。
记者了解到,11月份北京、深圳及上海的房地产市场出现成交量持续回升的态势。京城11月份共成交期房商品住宅12479套,环比成交套数及面积都增加超过50%;深圳在11月份的前3周成交都是持续回升,第四周略有下跌;上海全市整个11月成交商品住宅70.85万平方米,环比上升了41.98%。
记者获得的一份中金公司楼市最新周报也显示,上周16 个城市总体周成交量均值环比上升7%,中值上升8%。11月以来大多数城市成交量仍保持回升势头。目前已经连续四周,但增速放缓。
中金公司研究部高级经理白宏炜认为,12月份北京、深圳及上海三大城市的交易量还将是一个持续回暖、成交环比上升的过程,但预计幅度有限。
同时,在此轮楼市小幅反弹中,一个显著的特点是保障性住房大量入市。有证据显示,保障性住房入市拉低了周边区域的房价。甚至有人担忧保障性住房未来将成为市场主流,对普通商品房产生较大冲击。亦有部分开发商认为对保障性住房的冲击不必夸大。
2009年房地产市场走势究竟如何?开发商们表示目前能做的只能是尽力促进成交回暖的持续。
北京:12月份回暖仍将继续
记者根据北京市房地产交易管理网的成交数据统计显示,京城11月份共成交期房商品住宅12479套,成交面积为119.6万平米,其中,经济适用房、限价房等保障性住房成交套数为7026套,成交面积为57.2万平米,分别占总成交量的56.3%和47.8%。环比10月,期房商品住宅成交套数增加了50.9%,成交面积增加了52.4%。
“从环比的数据来看,11月京城楼市的销售状况明显好于10月,已经呈现显著的回暖态势。”亚豪机构副总经理王英男说。
来自开发商的信息也证实了这一点。
金地集团(7.29,-0.05,-0.68%,吧)北京公司营销总监何海洋告诉记者,11月份金地旗下项目的来电量、来访量以及成交量都呈现出了较明显的增长,需求出现了一定程度的松动。
但是,伴随成交量增长的却是开盘均价的持续下跌。据亚豪机构的监测, 11月开盘的31个项目开盘均价为13462元/平米,环比10月的开盘均价下降了1.4%,同比07年也下降了16.3%。
北京楼市何以在11月份突然发飙?
中金公司研究部高级经理白宏炜告诉记者,11月北京保障房和商品房成交均大幅上升,主要是政府的降息幅度较大,包括减税等利好政策的确释放出一部分需求。其次,不少项目颇大的降价幅度也调动了购房者的积极性。
“10月份成交数据太低,基数小也是原因之一。”21世纪不动产高级分析师孟奇补充。
而在这一轮成交大幅上升的过程中,保障房扮演了重要的角色。
亚豪机构副总经理王英男认为,进入11月保障性住房入市力度明显增强,保障性住房由政府统一配售且价格优势明显,11月份的集中签约促进销量的增长,如保利嘉园项目开盘短短几天便售出了1027套房子,销售率达到了76.2%。11月保障性住房的销售套数占总销售套数五成以上,很大程度促进了11月楼市回暖。
其次,由于临近年底,开发商面临着较大的回款压力,而且保障性住房的大量入市分流了部分客户,令普通商品房面临着巨大的销售压力,在内忧外患的背景下,开发商不得不降价求售。
相比中心城区在售商品房项目的微幅波动,环线距离越远的区域,商品房购房客群与保障性住房购房客群的重叠性越高,商品房项目的降价空间也就越大。如去年朝阳区常营乡商品房项目均价在13000元/平米左右,限价5900元/平米的限价房的入市,将周边商品房价格拉低至单价9000元左右。
正是在以上几个方面的相互作用下,京城11月的楼市才出现成交大幅上升的现象。
龙湖集团相关负责人也表示,市场回暖的确有多种原因,一方面是一些开发企业因各种原因进行价格调整而带来的市场自然反应,同时少部分刚性需求在房价和市场调整下的自然释放。此外,两限房的集中摇号和签约也体现了政府推进保障性住房的力度,对拉动成交量增长的贡献比较明显。
分析人士还认为,北京购房以自住为目的的客群市场占有率比较大,利好政策正是针对首次购房的自住群体给予一定的优惠,因此对于北京购房人的触动较为明显,反馈到市场上出现了商品住房成交量的回暖,这与南方城市投资客群占比较多有明显的不同。
北京市场这种回暖趋势还能持续吗?
白宏炜认为,12月份市场成交回暖还能得到持续,因为越接近年底,新房和二手房的降价幅度还会更大,更容易买到便宜房子,所以成交还会持续向好。
深圳:脆弱的“小阳春”
记者观察到,11月份深圳成交量连续三周保持上升态势,但这种状况在第四周没有得到延续。
11月3日—11月23日,深圳市一手房与二手房成交量都有成倍增长。这三周一手房的成交量分别环比上升101.9%、6.9%和22.6%;而价格不断调整,周均价下跌15.8%和4.3%。成交量已经有三个星期的上升记录;而成交价格也出现环比下调,出现以价格换成交量的形态。
“深圳的市场已经开始见底,成交量开始放大就是证明。”世联地产董事长陈劲松表示,而世联地产11月份的报告也佐证了他的观点。
但上周深圳一手房市场共成交1546套,较前周有小幅下滑,环比下降6.3%,成交均价为11322元/平米,较前周有小幅回落,环比下降5.3%。
“成交量是最重要的指标,”陈劲松表示,“成交量的回暖是市场见底的信号,但并不是说见底了价格一定回升。”他解释这种价跌量升的情况,是滞销的房子需要降价处理,带动成交量。
深圳市场回暖的原因与北京有些不同。
“深圳交易数据向好,是因为深圳调整较长的时间,调整比较到位。”一位资深券商研究员表示,除了市场的因素外,还有一个不公开的因素,就是深圳的房贷比外地更为宽松。
据调查,深圳目前房贷利率正在做大幅调整,多家金融机构已经提出对新增贷款“利率7折”的优惠,老客户根据具体情况,在144平米以下的房屋贷款也可以申请。并且大部分银行都根据最近颁布的新政的优惠条件将首套住房和换房的客户首付调整到2成。
此外,深圳已经迅速地将交易环节税费进行了下调。这些措施也刺激了市场的购买力。
而开发商并没有那么乐观,金地集团总裁张华纲表示,“目前来看,政策还没有产生实质性的影响,部分银行的细则也还没有到位,这波行情可能是因为政策所带来的心理预期的变化。但这种变化并不是根本性的变化。”
“我没有看到什么理由支持市场的反转,大环境仍然没有支撑力。”张华纲则认为,心理预期的真正反转还没有实现。
刚考察完珠三角市场回到深圳的中粮地产副总经理朱海斌表示,政策的效果仍不能确定,市场发生根本性的转折不太可能。这次出现的小阳春,从产品结构上分析,大多集中在小户型的需求上,“是真实需求的一个反映”。
但这次金融海啸,导致大部分中产阶级的财富缩水,小阳春没有持续的支持力量。他认为,宏观经济短期内没有根本性的好转,这是一场严重的危机。经过市场的实地考察,他看到实体经济情况比想象中更严峻,珠三角的企业倒闭正在迅速蔓延,他举例,“宝安的一个工业区,过去是6万人,现在只剩下2万。”
上海:后市依然严峻
“2008年,我们还算顺利地走过了这一年。”12月1日,在上海合生·东郊别墅样板区低调公开的现场,合生集团商业地产总部副总裁孙文珠有些感慨。
龙湖地产上海公司营销副总高晚晴向本报记者表示,龙湖在上海的首个项目11月9日开盘后的两周内,实现销售85套,销售金额超过3亿元。高晚晴坦言,赶上了中央到地方救市政策后的第一个成交量反弹黄金时期。
开发商的这种感受,直接表现11月上海楼市成交数据上。
“11月,在房产优惠新政的促动下,购房者陆续择机入市,数据显示11月上海房地产市场的成交已恢复到今年7月的水平。” 易居中国分析师付琦指出,这是今年整个市场陷入长期低迷后出现的第一次像样的反弹。
据易居中国·CRIC中国房地产决策咨询系统统计,上海全市整个11月成交商品住宅70.85万平方米,环比上升了41.98%,但同比依然下降了44.26%。
商品住宅成交价格方面,11月成交均价13172元/平方米,环比上升了9.53%,同比上升了18.65%。由于11月份万源城等中高价位楼盘成交理想,因而成交均价指标有所上升,但这与市场实际情形表现不同,楼盘成交仍以低开、优惠的项目成交活跃。
“11月,市场成交能够触底反弹,最重要的原因是宏观调控的转向以及房产政策的优惠推动。政策在心理上增加了信心,在购房中给予了优惠,共同推动了11月市场成交的恢复。”付琦指出。
但细分来看,高档房的销售却在进一步恶化。据上海佑威房地产研究中心的统计,截至本周,上海内环内商品住宅楼盘还有房源可售的楼盘为226个,其中,近半年有成交的项目只有144个。
作为炒高上海楼市泡沫的“主力”,高档房市场的理性冷清,让许多多年质疑上海楼市泡沫的专家和业内人士舒了一口气。但对许多开发商而言,这并不是期待的信号。
中国指数研究院副院长陈晟告诉本报记者,尽管面临年底春节前后的成交淡季,但对11月出现的成交量反弹,各方的努力方向就是延续这种趋势,包括政府税费减免、银行贷款松动和降息、开发商让利促销以及购房者逐步理性,这些都是这种努力的主要着力点。
而从上述三个城市11月份市场走势来看,既有共同性,也各有特点。
白宏炜表示,本轮成交回升共同的因素是:10月份整体市场预期很差,导致成交走低,比较基数很小;从11月份开始的政策放松,大幅降息,以及各地陆续救市政策出台,促进了原来的需求得到释放。
不同的是深圳、上海价格跌的幅度更大些,北京的价格调整幅度更小些,结构性因素比较突出。尤其是深圳比其他城市多出了半年多的调整时间,它的价格跌幅已比较大了,所以才有相对较强的成交反弹。
此外,北京和上海还有一个相似的地方是这两个城市的自住需求比较旺盛,在11月份都释放出来一部分。
白宏炜预计,12月份这三个城市的交易量都还将是一个持续回暖成交环比上升的过程,但预计幅度有限。
保障房或左右未来走向
业内人士指出,在本轮成交回暖中,一个不同以往的特征是保障性住房和商品住房齐头并进,共同推进了商品住宅成交量的回暖。并且,保障性住房的供应还有可能决定下一步楼市走势。
2009年,北京市计划新建廉租住房、经济适用住房、限价商品住房、政策性租赁住房850万平方米。王英男认为,在市场需求有限的情况下,保障性住房的大量供应将挤占部分商品房的购房需求,造成商品房项目销售陷入困境。保障性住房较低的价格将影响周边商品房项目的销量,商品房项目将不得不降价求售。
有数据显示,今年1-11月,北京包括保障性住房在内的商品住宅整体成交面积仅为968万平米,明年楼市能否回暖尚未可知,但850万平米庞大的保障性住房供应必然会给市场带来极大冲击,保障性住房市场有可能将成为市场主流。
“未来市场供给结构有望出现变化,保障性住房的供应比例将逐步加大,商品房项目为了在竞争中占得先机将不得不提高产品品质,精装修、送家电的项目将越来越多,这将对市场的发展起到积极作用。”孟奇说。
白宏炜告诉记者,北京与其他城市相比存在一定差别,政府实力更强,所以在推行保障房方面会更有保障,预计未来保障房的比例还会占到更大,可能占到一半。尤其是随着“两限房”的购房人群扩大,还会分流一部分商品房需求,继而影响到商品房市场的发展。
在深圳,这样的担忧同样存在。
据深圳市国土局报告显示:2008年,开工、筹集保障性住房4.58万套。2009年度计划安排建设保障性住房2.57万套,建筑面积134.8万平方米,其中经济适用住房0.89万套,建筑面积52.5万平方米,公共租赁住房(含廉租住房)1.68万套,建筑面积82.3万平方米。
“9000亿元如果真正投入,对小户型需求的分流是肯定的,所以对开发商来说小户型产品的未来也堪忧。”朱海斌说。
也有开发商认为,对保障性住房的冲击不能太夸大。
“政府9000亿投向保障性用房,是一个庞大的数字。如果全部用于增量小户型,对这种产品的冲击是较大的,一定会改变供应的结构,也会改变需求的结果,形成一个动态的变化。”张华纲表示,但是,从设计上看,这种经济用房和商品房是不同的,针对的的确是低收入群体,并且不是每个人都符合条件的,所以开发商还是可以找到空间。
“目前深圳市的保障性用房确实年年增加,但是幅度不大。实际的供应量也并不大,因为在政府统计的过程中,实际上将拆迁用的安置房也放在一起计算了。实际增量并不大。”一位正在参与旧城改造的开发商老总透露。
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2008-12-02
八大山人简介
八大山人简介 八大山人纪念馆座落在历史修久、风景优美的青云谱内,相传二千五百多年前,周灵王之子王子晋到此开基炼丹。西汉末年,南昌尉梅福曾弃官隐钓于此,后人建“梅仙祠”祀之。东晋年间许逊治水至此,始倡道教“净明派”,并建“太极观”,唐大和五年易名“太乙观”。宋至和二年复易名“天宁观”、至清顺治十八年始定名“青云圃”,后易“圃”后“谱”。谱内屋宇布局以关帝殿、吕祖殿、许祖殿为主体,三殿逐次递 进,曲廊相通,甚是幽雅。一九五七年被定为省级重点文物保护单位。一九五九年辟为八大山人纪念馆,陈列八大山人书画作品。 八大山人是我国明末清初的杰出画家,生于明天启六年,卒于清康熙四十四年(公元一六二六——一七0五),享年八十岁。他姓朱名耷,僧名个山、传启,别号八大山,是明太祖朱元璋第十六子朱权的九世孙。明亡后,他抱着对清王朝不屈的态度出家为僧。后还俗,自筑陋室“寤歌草堂”于南昌城效,孤寂贫寒地度过了晚年。八大山人在艺术上有独特的建树。他以水墨写意画著称,尤擅长花鸟画。其画面构图缜密、意境空阔;其笔墨清脱纯净、淋漓酣畅;取物造形旨在意象,笔简意赅,形神兼备,体现出其孤傲落寞清空出世的思想情感。其书法善用淡墨秃笔,犹尽流畅,含蓄内敛,圆浑醇厚,亦工篆刻。其诗文多为幽涩古雅。三百年来他饮誉画坛,清代“扬州八怪”,吴昌硕,近代齐白石、张大千、潘天寿、李苦禅等画家都不同程度受其影响。 本馆还陈列了牛石慧等画家的作品,牛石慧相传为八大山人之弟,也是一位杰出的画家。其画作笔墨简省,风格粗犷,意趣横生。 八大山人人文 八大山人(朱耷)从明王爷成为遗民,承受国亡家破之痛,先后沦为僧道,巧妙应付"临川之变",绳金塔下为民挥毫,其"哭之笑之"的人品和画品成为发人深思的画坛传奇。爱国、爱乡的八大山人,对清初的残暴疾恶如仇,终身苦守不阿,人品至上,成为后世为人的风范。跨越时空的八大山人书画艺术,释放出巨大艺术能量,辐射璀璨的艺术之光。艺术修养全面的八大山人给我们留下了极为珍贵的诗作,吟咏之余,我们借此心灵辙音,感受三百年前诗人的娓娓独言,将已逝去的流光重新唤回眼前。 85年八大山人被联合国科教文组织命名为中国古代十大文化名人之一。当今画坛,流派纷呈,相互竞技,各展异彩,本馆展出当代花鸟高手之作,是艺术家离经叛道在感觉和直觉水平的一个发展。一批资质精深的专家、学者在八大画风的继承与创新方面从特殊的顿悟中找到了自我,许多作品让人回味无穷。 八大山人景观 江南名园青云谱,历经周、西汉、东晋、唐、宋、元、明、清数朝,系唯一保存完好环境的江西净明道教发源地,院内殿宇堂阁,丹桂碧池,凉亭月楼,展示岁月的沧桑,漫游其间,感受二千多年神秘道教文化深蕴的内涵。青云谱道院现存许多令人向往的文化遗迹:万历古井、仙人桥、净明真境、鹤巢黍居、羲之墨池、竹经通幽、岭云来阁、八大墓等为观众提供了寻幽觅古的情趣,令人留连忘返。 古青云谱是镶嵌在市南郊一颗绿色明珠,阳春季节,红茶、桃花争奇斗艳,盛夏荷满十里,三秋桂子飘香,严冬寒梅竟放,四、五百年的参天古木香樟、罗汉松、苦树被历代文人墨客誉为镇院之宝。南昌现存最长的双面碑廊。120多幅因心造境的书画作品揭示了八大山人非凡的笔墨生涯。移步换景的回廊与巧夺天工的石刻工艺带给了观众沁人性情的美感 -
2008-12-02
为什么我们就不能认认真真,真心真意的呢?
《没有指针的钟》是麦卡勒斯小说里同《心是孤独的猎手》结构最相似的一本:即让几个有些莫须有关系的人物的命运平行发展,人物际遇之间偶有交集,但终究是各自的赤膊上阵,同各人不可预测的遭遇做困兽之斗。他们通常有一些来往,不过这种来往并非由于相互的喜欢,而只是因为过分的孤独。
克莱恩法官:一个旧制度的捍卫者,有过时的声望和政治理念,还有一个多年前自杀的儿子和一个正处在青春期的孙子。
JT马龙:一个药房老板,把自己医生理想的破碎归咎于犹太人的过于勤奋,有一个需要他负责的妻子和两个孩子,他得了白血病,知道自己必将死亡,但又不知道确切的时间,所以余下的时光对他来说,是一个没有指针的钟。
舍曼普友:一个长椅上捡来的遗弃儿,有黑人的皮肤和白人的蓝眼睛,像所有被遗弃的人一样又骄傲又自卑,认为世界上所有美好的女人都有可能是他的母亲,因为拥有的太少而总是乐于展示自己不多的所有。
杰斯特:老法官的孙子,想要拥有强烈的感情,被舍曼的歌声所吸引而对他怀有奇特的爱意,相信对方对他所有的嘲弄源自于信任而非恶意,对日渐衰老的爷爷既同情又厌恶。
这几个各怀心事各有一段隐密的人,各走各的路,各自选择某种方式去消化难捱的情绪,充当彼此生活的旁观者。
这是麦卡勒斯通常的方式,这个女人总是漫不经心的把几个人丢在某个小镇的某间屋子里,让他们在狭小拥挤的空间里生活的如此疏离,任由其自生自灭。
其实每一个人都在渴望着爱意的到来,都在尝试改变,只不过所有的人又都拒绝承认这种想法,暗示自己并明示别人:我过得很好。而内心深处渴望改变却无力改变的癫狂状态就像舍曼这个因为是黑人受歧视因为是孤儿被忽视的17岁的孩子那样,做出的各种出格行为连他自己都无法认同:他想要对着干,但又不清楚这种复仇感该冲谁发泄,如何发泄,有的时候,明明是想要挽留,说出的却是想要离开。用排斥来表达爱意,这也是麦卡勒斯的方式。
所以对舍曼心存爱意并凭直觉认为两人存在着不可言说亲密关系的杰斯特问他也问自己:为什么我们就不能认认真真,真心真意的呢?
在所有并行不悖的困兽之斗之后,故事的结局如下:
舍曼执意搬进白人区并不顾莱斯特的劝阻搬离,最终被仇视黑人的邻居炸死。他死于爆炸,更死于孤独,死于他被出身和性格所决定的孤独的脾性和他认定孤独的态度。
JT 马龙的死亡可以想见,这从一开始就被设定,只是在他死亡的过程中,生却体现出他从未体验过的井井有条,让他发现了健康时所不会发现的日常奇迹,让他思考了他平时所不会深究的对于自我的探讨。
坚持种族隔离政策的老法官准备作一篇捍卫白人利益的演说,对着话筒时唯一能记起的却是他进法学院学习的第一篇也是自己自杀身亡的儿子最后一次辩论引用的文章:林肯总统著名的主张南北统一的葛底斯堡演说。那一刻我忽然懂得,这么多年来,恨是这个看上去对生怀有极大热情的老人孤独的老年生活里唯一的支柱,他并不如他想象的那般恨黑人,他只是要用恨来稀释心中不敢正视的爱。
至于莱斯特,这个小说里最让人心疼的孩子,只有他勇敢的面对人与人之间爱意表达上的舍近求远。他试图把杀害舍曼的凶手骗到飞机上杀死为朋友报仇,然而,在听了凶手一个怪诞而可怜的故事后,“怜悯的种子在悲伤的促使下开花”,他放弃谋杀。而其实那所谓的怪诞故事,不过是一个贫穷的父亲做辛苦的工作但开心的抚养一大群孩子。
热爱飞行的莱斯特带着凶手进行了一次完美的空中旅行,透过几千英尺的距离,他看到这个地球如此井井有条,田野村庄交错纵横,“在这样的高度你看不见人,看不见人所遭受屈辱的细节。从远处看地球是完美的,是完整的。”然而,然而麦卡勒斯接着写到:“然而这是心感到陌生的秩序,而倘若要热爱这个地球,你必须靠近一点。远处看到的地球不如久久注视一双眼睛意义来得重大,即使是敌人的一双眼睛。”
当一向拒绝麦卡勒斯借助莱斯特之口问出:“为什么我们就不能认认真真,真心真意的呢?”并给出这样一个答案的时候,我第一次因为她的文字有了种是因为希望而不是因为绝望的眼泪,就像觉得生活乏味的JT 马龙却惧怕死亡一样,这人生,我们到底是愿意走这样一遭的。小说里不能阻挡的死亡和成长成就了一个难得温暖的结尾,那温暖,像夕阳的余晖,来了,又去。
而到底也是没有人是甘心于孤独的,你说你习惯了孤独,但这样说也许仅仅因为是你从来不曾习惯孤独。最后,忽然想起《亚利桑那之梦》里还很年青的强尼戴普说:“我不会再在暴风雨后说生活很这样的话,但我还是庆幸我曾活过”。
PS:终于看完了三联这套麦卡勒斯,这个女人是这个冬天的枕边书。
电脑的一个键坏了,打字好痛苦。
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2008-12-02
萧衍·观钟繇书法十二意 - [书画]
平谓横也。直谓纵也。均谓间也。密谓际也。锋谓格也。力谓体也。轻谓屈也。决谓牵掣也。补谓不足也。损谓有余也。巧谓布置也。称谓大小也。
平谓字外之奇,文所不书。世之学者宗二王,元常逸迹,曾不睥睨。羲之有过人之论,后生遂尔雷同。元常谓之古肥,子敬谓之今瘦。今古既珠,肥瘦颇反,如自省览,有异众说。张芝、钟繇,巧趣精细,殆同机神。肥瘦古今,岂易致意。真迹虽少,可得而推。逸少至学钟书,势巧形密,及其独运,意疏字缓。譬犹楚音习夏,不能无楚。过言不悒,未为笃论。又子敬之不迨逸少,犹逸少之不迨元常。学子敬者如画虎也。学元常者如画龙也。余虽不习,偶见其理,不习而言,必慕之欤。聊复自记,以补其阙。非欲明解,强以示物也。倘有均思,思盈半矣。 -
2008-11-27
Scratch 、Tu 、Pendulum
Scratch
Scratch oil painting knife is the basic purposes, scraping the method is generally used bladed Guaqu screen oil painting得不part of the ideal, can also be used to Daogua unnecessary details oil paintingor weaken the relationship is too strong, so that the screen is tense relations between the relaxation down . Long-term operations at the end of oil paintingthe day operations often need to be part of this Huawan color with a knife Guaqu for oil paintingtimely drying, to be followed the next day painting. Color can also be used dry after painting knife or razoroil painting to the rugged Guade formation some. Can not stem the color layer with Daogua oil paintingso as to reveal background to show all kinds of fabric.
Tu
If Dianhua law and the law was outlined at a oil painting line and the means, then TU is a summary of painting, that is, of the principal ways. Tu Tu-way there, thick and thin Tu Tu, also the point of the impressionist color of law oil paintingknown as the San Tu. Tu-large painting is the primary means of color, uniform-Tu is oil paintingalso a common decorative painting techniques. Tu thick oil painting is different from other kinds of oil painting the main features of a pen to, can have a certain thickness of paint and left a clear oil paintingstrokes and texture. Dao oil painting with a very thick oil painting Guadao or pushed directly to paint on canvas, to be called heap Tu. Xu is the thin oil will be diluted color picture painted in thin, transparent or translucent oil paintingcan produce results. Tu is the use of casual T is flexible, Qiyun vivid. So the combination of kneading of Tu Tu also called halo.
Pendulum
Use a pen to paint directly on canvas, no more changes to that place, the place is the basic technique of oil painting. The pendulum method oil paintingcommonly used in oil painting at the beginning and end, the more sure the color and accurate strokes to find the color and shape, oil painting often the key to take a few T will be able to change the screen, oil painting of course, should be preceded Xiabi be done Chengzhuzaixiong Effective. Rub - is to wipe Hengwo brush, oil paintingbrush with the dark belly of the screen clean, clean, usually with less color large area, can not form a clear strokes, but also paved the bottom of the color commonly used methods. Done in the background or the texture on the ups and downs with the rubbing technique similar to traditional Chinese painting can be painted white to fly the effect of the underlying fabric of the more obvious. -
2008-11-27
Point 、Zoned
Zoned
Zoned refers to the knife blade in the oil painting was dry on portraying the color oil paintingand shape Yam lines sometimes can be exposed to the bottom color. Different oil painting knife can produce different size depth of change and the oil painting brush strokes and oil painting techniques Tori the color of a point, line and face the ups and downs of the fabric of change.
Point
Points - all of the points before, oil paintingall in the technique are starting point. As early as oil paintingin classical techniques in Tan Peila, Dianhua oil paintinglaw is the kind of performance level to the important techniques. In Vermeer's works are also used oil paintingin a performance point of strokes to the blinking light and texture objects. Pencil Exhibition of Impressionist de facto became one of its basic characteristics, but Monet, Renoir and Pissarro, such as the different oil paintingpoints of their own personality and the changes. Then go to the extreme new impressionist, a mechanical point will be the only technique as its. Modern realism oil paintings are also used to point the density to produce shades, can be caused by the transition certainly not rigid. Point in a comprehensive way of drawing lines and decent and in combination can produce rich contrast, in different shape and texture of the oil paintingBrush Pen CO., can produce different oil painting strokes, the performance of certain objects of the oil paintingtexture can play a unique role.
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2008-11-27
Suppression 、Build
Yishi with a knife in the bottom layer on the color of wet gently downward pressure after the initiation, the surface will have a special color of the fabric. In some special need to describe oil painting the texture of local suppression techniques can be used to achieve the desired results.
Build
Build method is a knife instead of brushes, like Niwa Jiang Central Nihui with soil knife, as will color on canvas to build then leave directly Daohen. To build the method oil paintingcan have different levels of thickness changes in the size and shape of knives and a knife in oil paintingthe direction of the rich and also have a different comparison. oil paintingknife-used for different colors do not make too much blending, in the natural mixed on the screen can produce subtle color relations. oil paintingBig ups and downs over the color of the method can also be used to build-build. Build method if oil paintingused properly, it will have a strong sense of shape
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2008-11-27
Rub - [characteristics oil painting]
Hengwo is to wipe brushes, brush with the dark belly of the screen clean, clean, Rafah is sometimes necessary to draw oil paintings in the strong lines and sharp oil paintingobjects that the picturesque edge of the oil painting sword or the side of the glass, oil painting then can the true-color painting knife oil painting blade after using the side of color on the screen will pull excellent color line or face , oil paintingThe body painting knife to oil paintingdraw a solid affirmation, brush or other methods is difficult to achieve.
usually with less color large area, Rafah is sometimes necessary to draw oil paintings in the strong lines and sharp oil paintingobjects that the picturesque edge of the oil painting sword or the side of the glass, oil painting then can the true-color painting knife oil painting blade after using the side of color on the screen will pull excellent color line or face , oil paintingThe body painting knife to oil paintingdraw a solid affirmation, brush or other methods is difficult to achieve.
can not form a clear strokes, Rafah is sometimes necessary to draw oil paintings in the strong lines and sharp oil paintingobjects that the picturesque edge of the oil painting sword or the side of the glass, oil painting then can the true-color painting knife oil painting blade after using the side of color on the screen will pull excellent color line or face , oil painting The body painting knife to oil paintingdraw a solid affirmation, brush or other methods is difficult to achieve. Rafah is sometimes necessary to draw oil paintings in the strong lines and sharp oil painting objects that the picturesque edge of the oil paintingsword or the side of the glass, oil painting then can the true-color painting knifeoil painting blade after using the side of color on the screen will pull excellent color line or face , oil paintingThe body painting knife to oil painting draw a solid affirmation, brush or other methods is difficult to achieve. oil painting but also paved the bottom of the color commonly oil paintingused methods. Done in the background or the texture on the ups and downs with the rubbing oil paintingtechnique similar to traditional Chinese oil paintingcan be painted white to fly oil paintingthe effect of the underlying fabric of the more obvious.
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2008-11-27
Rafah - [characteristics oil painting]
Rafah is sometimes necessary to draw oil paintings in the strong lines and sharp oil painting objects that the picturesque edge of the oil paintingsword or the side of the glass, oil painting then can the true-color painting knifeoil painting blade after using the side of color on the screen will pull excellent color line or face , oil paintingThe body painting knife to oil paintingdraw a solid affirmation, brush or other methods is difficult to achieve.
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2008-11-27
Duo - [characteristics oil painting]
Referring to the oil paintingpig with a hard mane dip-pen after pen to the head perpendicular to paint Duo will be on the screen. oil painting Duo's not very commonly usedoil painting method, usually only in the fabric of local oil paintingspecial needs when it applied.
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2008-11-27
so - [characteristics oil painting]
So used to converge the two oil painting adjacent to the color, make it less rigid, taking advantage of color was dry, to clean the fan-shaped pen lightly Swept can achieve this. oil painting Can also use a pen on the bottom color oil painting will be another boost to generate color So staggered from top to bottom, dead tired and notoil painting loose the color effects.
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2008-11-27
Thread - [characteristics oil painting]
Line is the line that use oil paintinga pen sketches, oil paintings hook line with the general soft cents a sharp idea, but in differentoil painting styles, round, and the old-school T Chen Shui-bian may also outlined a similaroil painting book-like let the center line. Eastern and Western painting at the beginning of modeling oil painting are used in the early increase in oil paintings are usually accurate contour lines stringent Qigao, Tan Peila techniques in a row method is the primary means of shading. Western oil painting that later evolved into the brightness of the first and mainly, but nevertheless, painting the center line oil painting and has never lost a factor. Thin, uninhibited. oil painting Gong Zheng, or at informal oil painting staggered Dieya and repeated use of the various lines, so that more oil rich language, the different lines of the body is dealing with more important. Oriental oil painting the lines affected by a lot of modern Western style of the masters, such as Matisse, oil paintingVan Gogh, Picasso, Miro and Klee, are line with the master.
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2008-11-27
Kneading - [characteristics oil painting]
Rubbing on the screenoil painting refers to two or several different colors oil paintingof a pen directly parade means parade oil painting of color after the mixed nature of the changes, was delicate and distinctive color oil painting contrast and brightness, andoil painting can play a bridging role in the transition .
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2008-11-27
Shoot - [characteristics oil painting]
Brush Pen CO., or oil paintingwith wide fan-shaped dip-pen on the screen oil painting after lightly tapping oil paintingthe techniques oil paintingknown as the shoot. Film can produce oil painting a certain texture of the ups and downs, oil painting neither is very clear, not too simple and too oil paintingstrong to deal with the oil paintingoriginal color of strokes or to weaken.
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2008-11-27
Down - [characteristics oil painting]
Brush Pen CO. setback is the root of the Labi coloring method, press T after briefly, and then brought down dynamic, such as the front line against the calligraphy pen, Cangjin firm.oil painting Nib and T-Gen Zhanqu oil paintingcolor differences, according to the severity of T differentoil painting direction can produce a variety oil paintingof changes and interesting.







